• The feed enters at the top of the calandria where a distributor ensures film formation on the inside surface of each tube.
• Presence of a thin film along the entire length of the tubes reduces holdup and residence time.
• The vapor flow is co-current to the liquid and the vapor drag improves the heat transfer. The vapor and the remaining liquid are separated in a cyclone separator.
• Multiple effect arrangement provides steam economy.

Concentration of dilute solutions of heat sensitive products containing water or organic solvents in applications such as:

• Vacuum concentration and distillation
• Filtered plant extracts in water or organic solvents
• Heat sensitive products in solvents
• As a reboiler to a distillation column, handling heat sensitive products.